Thursday, August 16, 2012
Sunday, August 12, 2012
True Facts about Mainframe
Hello Dear Friends,
I am herewith some of the true & important facts @ Mainframe, Its Very Interesting & much more demanding. So some of the facts are as
Mainframe facts.....!!!!!
1. All 25 of the world’s top banks still use mainframes, while 71 per cent of global Fortune 500 companies are mainframe clients as well. Additionally, nine out of the top 10 global health insurance providers process all of their high-volume transactions on a mainframe. This shows that, despite incursions being made by software as a service (SaaS) providers, an overwhelming majority of the world’s big business still value the reliability and security of mainframes, particularly for mission-critical functions.
2. Around 63 per cent of mainframe sites in the Asia-Pacific region believe the lack of skills in the current generation of mainframers is a major concern. In Europe, 66 per cent of mainframe sites believe mainframes are already suffering from a serious skills shortage.
3. About 72% of mainframe sites have mainframe staff eligible for retirement. (CA 2011)
4. The mainframes hold approximately " 70 % " of the entire data stored in this planet
5. The latest ones can support over 25,000 users
6. They can support devices spread over 26 miles using fibre optics
7. The size of the "basic" OS is about 14 GB
8. This OS comes in about 57 magnetic tapes, But latest with 4 tapes
9. It takes ATLEAST a month to install and customize a basic mainframe OS configuration
10. It takes around 3 full days for a mainframe to get up and running
11. Basic configuration for development environment costs 8 crores (hardware + Software)
12. A full team of qualified system operators are always required to be on stand by to ensure successful operation
13. Earlier mainframes were provided with cooling pipes through which cold water was passed to cool the system - TCS have one in Chennai facility
14. Recent mainframes have variable speed fans in the cabinet to keep it cool
15. Have u ever heard of a mainframe system being hacked??? Mainframes are one of the most secure data installations ever
16. You cannot buy the mainframe OS, but u'll have to pay a license to use it. The cost?? cool ......1.5 crores a year.
17. Finally, mainframes today r the most preferred data servers for even the most hi-fi of the organizations!
18. So far no virus has attacked Mainframes
So this is how mainframe is...!!!!
I am herewith some of the true & important facts @ Mainframe, Its Very Interesting & much more demanding. So some of the facts are as
Mainframe facts.....!!!!!
1. All 25 of the world’s top banks still use mainframes, while 71 per cent of global Fortune 500 companies are mainframe clients as well. Additionally, nine out of the top 10 global health insurance providers process all of their high-volume transactions on a mainframe. This shows that, despite incursions being made by software as a service (SaaS) providers, an overwhelming majority of the world’s big business still value the reliability and security of mainframes, particularly for mission-critical functions.
2. Around 63 per cent of mainframe sites in the Asia-Pacific region believe the lack of skills in the current generation of mainframers is a major concern. In Europe, 66 per cent of mainframe sites believe mainframes are already suffering from a serious skills shortage.
3. About 72% of mainframe sites have mainframe staff eligible for retirement. (CA 2011)
4. The mainframes hold approximately " 70 % " of the entire data stored in this planet
5. The latest ones can support over 25,000 users
6. They can support devices spread over 26 miles using fibre optics
7. The size of the "basic" OS is about 14 GB
8. This OS comes in about 57 magnetic tapes, But latest with 4 tapes
9. It takes ATLEAST a month to install and customize a basic mainframe OS configuration
10. It takes around 3 full days for a mainframe to get up and running
11. Basic configuration for development environment costs 8 crores (hardware + Software)
12. A full team of qualified system operators are always required to be on stand by to ensure successful operation
13. Earlier mainframes were provided with cooling pipes through which cold water was passed to cool the system - TCS have one in Chennai facility
14. Recent mainframes have variable speed fans in the cabinet to keep it cool
15. Have u ever heard of a mainframe system being hacked??? Mainframes are one of the most secure data installations ever
16. You cannot buy the mainframe OS, but u'll have to pay a license to use it. The cost?? cool ......1.5 crores a year.
17. Finally, mainframes today r the most preferred data servers for even the most hi-fi of the organizations!
18. So far no virus has attacked Mainframes
So this is how mainframe is...!!!!
Saturday, August 11, 2012
DB2 – faster than a speeding bullet?
DB2 – faster than a speeding bullet?
We're told that: "The results place IBM in a unique position as the undeniable leader. With these new clustered results (and with the long-standing single system result), IBM has demonstrated its ability to scale up to handle higher transaction loads and to scale out to optimize more types of workloads than the competition."
This result is the largest ever TPC-C result published (dated 17 August 2010) and was obtained on a cluster of three IBM Power 780 servers featuring a storage subsystem with 116TB of Solid State Drives (SSDs) and running DB2 9.7.
Just to rub in the fact that it beats the Old rival, Oracle, the press releases goes on to inform us that: "The IBM result represents 2.7 times better performance per core than the Oracle result, 41% better price performance, and 35% better energy efficiency per transaction. IBM's performance is also more than 2.5 times better than HP's best result, 69% greater performance per core, and 2.1 times better price/performance."
The new TPC-C benchmark result uses standard IBM software. DB2 9.7 has been around since June 2009, and AIX 6.1 was released in November 2007. IBM says that the selection of software versions reflected levels currently in use by a large number of their clients.
IBM highlights the fact that the IBM TPC-C results on POWER7 technology shows off IBM Storage technology in the form of Solid State Drives (SSDs), which enable higher throughput and lower response times. SSDs also provide reliability, lower energy usage, less cooling requirements, and the ability to reduce data centre footprints. The total storage used was over 800TB while the Oracle/Sun configuration had 686.6TB of total storage.
The Oracle/Sun cluster is 71% more expensive based on published price/performance relative to the IBM Power 780 cluster result. The total system cost of the Sun cluster is 26% greater than the total system cost of the IBM cluster. Because of different discount structures, care should be taken in comparing individual price components.
As a result of these differences, the TPC does not allow comparisons using TPC price information on anything other than the total configuration. The IBM Power 780 with DB2 9.7 result yields greater than 10 million tpmC for IBM (a feat Oracle hasn't accomplished) and significantly better price/performance for the IBM solution.
The configuration for this benchmark achieves an estimated consumption of 65.1 kWatts or 6.3 kWatts per million tpmC, 35% better than the Sun cluster energy consumption estimate of 73.9kWatts or 9.7 kWatts per million tpmC.
You get the idea anyway – there's more of the same in the press release. The bottom line is that IBM can now claim to provide performance in excess of double-digits (10 Million Transactions Per Minute), which, they say, no-one else can do.
Tuesday, July 24, 2012
after 3G and 4Gwht is there......its 5G comming soon
First (1G), second (2G), third (3G) and fourth (4G) generations of mobile technology are not new to us, however, 5G WiFi is, something that we got to hear in 2012-13.
Now the Question is What is 5G exactly?
5G WiFi refers to 802.11ac, the latest version of WiFi technology. 802.11 is a set of IEEE standards that govern wireless networking transmission methods. They are commonly used today in 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, and 802.11n versions.
It is also termed as Gigabit WiFi since it is the first WiFi technology that is capable of offering peak data rates of 1 Gbps or more, even up to 3.6 Gbps, compared to the 600 Mbps peak data rate possible with 802.11n, aka N or Wireless-N, 11ac’s predecessor. Now, why it is called the 5G WiFi is because it is the fifth generation of the technology after 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, and 802.11n.
The first generation of WiFi 802.11a with 3Mbps speed was used during 1997-1998 period, the second generation, 802.11b, with 11 Mbps was used during 1999-2001, the third, 802.11g, with 54 Mbps was used from 2002 to 2006 and the fourth 802.11n with 600 Mbps was used from 2007 till 2011. Development of 802.11n began in 2002, but it took seven years for the finalization of this standard.
It was Broadcom who first started using the term 5G WiFi when it launched its 802.11ac chips, early this year and also has a website http://www.5gwifi.org dedicated for this.
Now the Question is What is 5G exactly?
5G WiFi refers to 802.11ac, the latest version of WiFi technology. 802.11 is a set of IEEE standards that govern wireless networking transmission methods. They are commonly used today in 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, and 802.11n versions.
It is also termed as Gigabit WiFi since it is the first WiFi technology that is capable of offering peak data rates of 1 Gbps or more, even up to 3.6 Gbps, compared to the 600 Mbps peak data rate possible with 802.11n, aka N or Wireless-N, 11ac’s predecessor. Now, why it is called the 5G WiFi is because it is the fifth generation of the technology after 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, and 802.11n.
The first generation of WiFi 802.11a with 3Mbps speed was used during 1997-1998 period, the second generation, 802.11b, with 11 Mbps was used during 1999-2001, the third, 802.11g, with 54 Mbps was used from 2002 to 2006 and the fourth 802.11n with 600 Mbps was used from 2007 till 2011. Development of 802.11n began in 2002, but it took seven years for the finalization of this standard.
It was Broadcom who first started using the term 5G WiFi when it launched its 802.11ac chips, early this year and also has a website http://www.5gwifi.org dedicated for this.
Top 10 companies in IT services
World’s Top 10 brands / companies in IT services
Brand
Finance, a company that specializes in brand valuation has recently
announced World’s Top 10 brands in IT services. Among this list 3 Indian
IT Companies are there, that’s a good news for Indian IT market.
Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) comes in at number 4 behind IBM, HP
and Accenture. Infosys is fifth, followed by Cognizant at number 9 and
Wipro at number 10.
Here’s the entire list of World’s Top 10 brands in IT services.
1) IBM —> Brand Value: $39.1 billion
2) HP —> Brand value: $21.7 billion
3) Accenture —> Brand value: $ 6.8 billion
4) Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) —> Brand value: $4 billion
5) Infosys —> Brand value: $3.6 billion
6) Cap Gemini —> Brand value: $2.8 billion
7) Computer Services Corporation (CSC) —> Brand value: $2.1 billion
8) Atos Origin —> Brand value: $2 billion
9) Cognizant (CTS) —> Brand value: $1.79 billion
10) Wipro —> Brand value: $1.76 billion
Source : NASSCOM
3) Accenture —> Brand value: $ 6.8 billion
4) Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) —> Brand value: $4 billion
5) Infosys —> Brand value: $3.6 billion
6) Cap Gemini —> Brand value: $2.8 billion
7) Computer Services Corporation (CSC) —> Brand value: $2.1 billion
8) Atos Origin —> Brand value: $2 billion
9) Cognizant (CTS) —> Brand value: $1.79 billion
10) Wipro —> Brand value: $1.76 billion
Source : NASSCOM
Friday, July 13, 2012
MultiSim - circuit Simulator free download
Hello friends,
This is very nice software for Electronics engineers to work, For all your academic practicals & projects. This simulator contain micro controller IC's so that you can simulate any circuit containing micro controller or microprocessor.
What is multsim?
This is the circuit simulator
used for simulating the various types of analog & Digital circuits, Even it
is possible to simulate the circuits of microcontroller circuits.
Multisim is the
schematic capture and simulation application of National Instruments Circuit Design Suite, a suite of
EDA (Electronics Design Automation)
tools that assists you in carrying out the major steps in the circuit design flow. Multisim is designed for
schematic entry, simulation, and feeding to downstage steps, such as PCB
layout.
Minimum System Requirements
To run NI Circuit Design Suite 11.0.1, National Instruments
recommends that your system meet or
exceed the following requirements:
• Windows Vista/XP 32-bit editions.
• Windows Vista 64-bit edition.
• Windows 7 32-bit and 64-bit editions.
• 512 MB of memory (256 MB minimum).
• 1.5 GB of free hard disk space (1 GB minimum).
Steps to install MultiSim
Download all 5 parts by clicking on the following links
Save all them in single folder
Open any of the part, the screen like below given will
appear
- Click on Extract to
- Give the specified path where you wish to save it
- Now open the folder MultiSim 11.0.1 Ultiboard PowerPro + Crack Keygen
- Install the application by using NI_Circuit_Design_Suite_11_0_1.exe
- Choose the option of trial version while installing.
- Once you have installed multisim, use kg_v1101 license generator.exe for generating the license file
- Open the lic generator
- For full version press 2 & Enter
- Now in the folder check for license files (.lic), Two license files will be generated
- Now use these license files for activating the application
·
Click : Start
button
§
Programs
§
National
Instruments
§
NI License Manager
§
Options
§
Install License
File
§
Select Multisim_PKG & Utiliboard_PKG license files from folder License Generator is located, then
click OPEN
§
If “Do you want to
overwrite?” Select YES
§
Close all Windows
Done
Now you can enjoy the full version of multisim
One more software by National Instrument for Instrumentation Purpose i.e LABVIEW. I will post it soon
Monday, March 26, 2012
Very Usefull links for ROBOT builder
Hello Everyone,
Here i am posting some of the important links that i came across before few days, related to robot building,
These links help u too much, just try each related link.
http://www.hvwtech.com/learning.htm
These sites offer archives of circuit diagrams. Most should be tested, but this is by no means guaranteed!
Electro Tech Online
Electro tech offers a great resource for discussing General Electronics, Electronic Projects, Robitics Chat and PIC/BASIC Programming. Electro Tech also offers Free Electronic Projects and Theory Articles.
http://www.equinox-tech.com/chipdir/c/a.htm
http://www.chipcenter.com/circuitcellar/
http://www.bonex.co.uk/startpages/framed/home.htm
http://www.epanorama.net/companies.html
http://www.nctnico.cistron.nl/all_man.htm
http://www.infineon.com/products
http://www.irf.com/technical-info/appnotes.htm
http://www.semiconductor.agilent.com/isolator/
IDT:
http://www.idt.com/
Infineeon is the new name for Siemens Semiconductors.
http://www.infineon.com/cgi/ecrm.dll/ecrm/scripts/prod_cat.jsp?oid=-8198
Sharp are a big name in optoelectronics:
http://www.sharpsma.com/sma/Products/Opto/new_products/photocouplers.htm
Toshiba:
http://www.toshiba.com/taec/cgi-bin/display.cgi?table= ProductDetail&ProductID=2796
http://www.quasarelectronics.com/atmel_programmers.htm#3122
4QD. Manufacturer of speed controllers. Has a lot of good technical info on the site too.
The Open Source Motor Controller project. A speed controller design & project.
http://www.inconnect.com/%7Edennis/osmc/
IFI Robotics. Manufacturer of speed controllers.
http://www.ifirobotics.com/victor_883.htm
A description of electronic speed controllers
http://www.omegaco.demon.co.uk/mechtml/fmectech.htm#anchor479856
Iskra. Manufacturer of electric motors. Includes sketchy performance characteristic graphs. http://www.avtoelektrika.com/
Parvalux. Manufacturer of electric motors. No technical data that I can find.
http://www.parvalux.co.uk/products.asp
Litton. Manufacturer of electric motors and actuators. Includes comprehensive datasheets.
http://www.litton-ps.com/Motors/motors.html
Theory of starter motors. Quite a good page.
http://www.apra.org/publications/electrical/fordther.htm
Controlling voltage spikes (motor suppression). SGS Thomson Acrobat document.
http://us.st.com/stonline/books/pdf/docs/1703.pdf
Lynch. Manufacturer of electric motors. Characteristic graphs included.
http://www.lynchmotor.com/
Using car windscreen wiper motors
http://www.geocities.com/sprite-midget/wipers.htm
http://www.battery-index.com/
http://www.mhpower.com.au/TecBroInx.html
http://www.4qd.co.uk/faq/bmnc2.html
http://www.oksolar.com/battery/deka.html
http://www.hepi.com/lit.htm
http://www.steatite.co.uk/batt/rg12v_24.htm
http://www.sonnenschein.org/
http://www.yuasa-exide.com/catalog.asp
A commercial battery charger manufacturer
http://www.statpower.com/prdlst3.htm
A commercial battery charger manufacturer. Not sure whether any of these are suitable for SLA batteries though, even though they say they are suitable for all lead acid batteries.
http://www.gunson.co.uk/acatalog/index.html
A commercial battery charger manufacturer. Ths company manufacture a device which they purport will bring dead SLA batteries back to life.
http://www.4unique.com/battery/pulsetech/pulsetech.htm
Ibex make battery chargers and gave lots of useful information on their site.
http://www.ibexmfg.com/index.htm
US supplier of many types of batteries. Limited technical information.
http://batterymart.com
A comprehensive introduction to using radio control on fighting robots.
http://www.narc.org.uk/bld_elect/rc_index.php
Loads of helpful articles, mainly about CB, which are still relevant to us.
http://www.firestik.com/Tech_Docs.htm
The Model Electronics Company site has some great stuff, presenting projects as well as commercial products.
http://www.omegaco.demon.co.uk/mechome.htm
This radio ham has loads of useful information on his site
http://www.geocities.com/SiliconValley/3569/
Everything You NEVER Wanted To Know About Radios! Some technical inaccuracies to do with AM & FM bandwidth, but a reasonable introduction.
http://www.torreypinesgulls.org/Radio%20Article.htm
The theory of superheterodyne (dual conversion) radio receivers
http://www.ezlink.com/~crash/parks/hetbasic.html
The Panorama Electronics Link Site - Radio section. Loads of links to technical sites to do with radio communications, antennas, etc.
http://www.epanorama.net/radio.html
The British Model Flying Association has some information on radio control.
http://www.bmfa.org/links_commercial.html
Low Power Radio Solutions sell telemetry modules. The CDP-02 from Circuit Design operates at 459MHz which is an allowable frequency for Robot Wars in teh UK.
http://www.lprs.co.uk/site01dec99/main.html
http:www.cdt21.com
Some links to hobby radio control sites.
http://www.welwyn.demon.co.uk/sites.htm
A good RC information site
http://rcvehicles.miningco.com/hobbies/rcvehicles/library/glossary/bldef_dualcon version.htm
The Radiocommunications Agency in the UK govern the frequency spectrum. This is the band of the spectrum that we are using.
http://www.radio.gov.uk/document/ra_info/ra365.htm
http://199.104.132.208/ProdCat/tax/0,1252,M942369080308,00.html
This document from the Model Electronics Company describes all the model frequency bands
http://www.omegaco.demon.co.uk/mechtml/fmectech.htm#anchor80638
If you are thinking about designing a 40MHz radio link yourself, like I was at one point, then Motorola produce this excellent IC (MC13310) which was designed for CT1 cordless phones that will operate at the 40MHz channel frequencies. Software for driving this chip is shown in the Embedded chapter in "Radio.c".
http://www.mot.com/SPS/WIRELESS/cordless/46_49mhz.html
Motorola ICs
Unfortunately Motorola no longer supply the above chip. However, a very similar IC, the UAA2062, is produced by Phillips
http://www.semiconductors.philips.com/pip/uaa2062ts/c1
A large site containing information on RC electronics
http://www.eagleairaust.com.au/
HVW Tech. Lots of technical information included.
http://www.hvwtech.com/servos.htm
Information about the encoding of radio control radio sets
http://www.geocities.com/BourbonStreet/3220/servotx.html
Another page like that above
http://home.iprimus.com.au/nooyen/multi.htm
A basic introduction to radio control servos
http://www.seattlerobotics.org/guide/servos.html
Another Servo tutorial (in two parts)
http://www.uoguelph.ca/~antoon/hobby/servo1.htm
http://www.uoguelph.ca/~antoon/hobby/servo2.htm
More in-depth information on RC servos
http://www.geocities.com/BourbonStreet/3220/servobasics.html
Some circuits for generating and receiving PPM RC signals
http://www.geocities.com/SiliconValley/3569/use/rc-prop.htm
Servo pinouts and connectors
http://www.uoguelph.ca/~antoon/hobby/servopin.htm
http://www.uoguelph.ca/~antoon/hobby/leads.htm
A three part tutorial in PPM radio control
http://www.omegaco.demon.co.uk/mechtml/fmectech.htm#anchor160947
Quick UK
http://www.quickuk.co.uk/raccs.htm
Sussex Model Centre
http://www.sussex-model-centre.co.uk/
Tower Hobbies
http://www.towerhobbies.com/rcweb.html
Links to many RC electronics manufacturers
http://rcvehicles.miningco.com/cs/mfgselectronics/index.htm
Hitec. Manufacturer of RC sets.
http://rcvehicles.miningco.com/gi/dynamic/offsite.htm?site= http://www.hitecrcd.com
QuickUK supply 40MHz base loaded antennas:
http://www.quickuk.co.uk/raccs.htm
Novak. Manufacturer of ESCs and receivers
http://www.teamnovak.com
Airtronics. Manufacturer of RC sets.
=http://www.airtronics.net
Futaba. Manufacturer of RC sets.
http://www.futaba%2Drc.com
Note that this section is specifically about interference problems in radio control modelling. All the comments in the EMC and radio sections also applies.
An article about interference for RC plane flyers.
http://www.uoguelph.ca/~antoon/hobby/rip.htm
This model club has a page on radio interference and tips on how to reduce the problem.
http://tenthoffroad.co.uk/interference.html
Technobots supply products to robot builders, and have this excellent help page for EMC.
http://www.technobots.co.uk/technical/guidance/EMI%20and%20how%20to%20deal%20with%20it.pdf
Capacity hat antenna used by a competitor
http://www.longrange.net/BattleBot/Antenna.html
Quick UK supply 40MHz antennas which are rather hard to get hold of. Part no H5330
http://www.quickuk.co.uk/raccs.htm
Flair products also sell 40MHz antennas. Part no MX75119.
http://www.flairproducts.co.uk
Here i am posting some of the important links that i came across before few days, related to robot building,
These links help u too much, just try each related link.
1. Electronics
1.1. General electronics sites
- A collection of tutorials in electronics subjects. Well worth a look.
- A huge collection of links to other electronics sites, nicely indexed.
- Another excellent large collection of links to electronics and software sites.
- A large resource of articles written by industry insiders, field service engineers, and semiconductor company engineers on a wide variety of electronics subjects.
- A personal page by an electronics enthusiast. Very entertaining stuff, as well as informative.
- A circuit theory textbook online
- HVW Tech have many documents on a variety of electronics & robotics subjects on their site
http://www.hvwtech.com/learning.htm
- Excellent optics resource and community
- Excellent electronics resource and community
1.2. Electronics circuit archives
These sites offer archives of circuit diagrams. Most should be tested, but this is by no means guaranteed! - http://www.keelynet.com/sources/schema1.htm
- http://www.udl.es/usuaris/p4089324/electronica/esquemas.htm
- http://www.glolab.com/freeinfo/info.html
- http://main.tuniv.szczecin.pl/~mjaskula/tomi/psu.html
- http://www.circuitarchive.co.uk/
- http://www.pwpublishing.ltd.uk/pw/tex/
- http://main.tuniv.szczecin.pl/~mjaskula/tomi/psu.html
- http://www.uslink.net/~cybercir/
- http://www.designnotes.com/circuits/
Electro Tech Online
Electro tech offers a great resource for discussing General Electronics, Electronic Projects, Robitics Chat and PIC/BASIC Programming. Electro Tech also offers Free Electronic Projects and Theory Articles.
1.3. Chip information
http://www.equinox-tech.com/chipdir/c/a.htm http://www.chipcenter.com/circuitcellar/
http://www.bonex.co.uk/startpages/framed/home.htm
1.4. Electronics company information
http://www.epanorama.net/companies.html http://www.nctnico.cistron.nl/all_man.htm
1.5. PCB layout and manufacture
- Eagle Layout Editor - The best free PCB design tool on the web. Superb. Free version is restricted to 10cm x 8cm size and no more than double sided but that still allows very complicated projects. Features schematic capture, extensive libraries, very good ripup-and-retry autorouter, user groups, extensive array of online public domain tools available for it.
- PCB Pool - Very good value PCB production house. For example, a double sided 10cm x 8cm PCB designed using Eagle above cost just £24 for a one-off including all P&P costs. Based in Ireland. Very helpful on the phone.
- ExpressPCB - A free PCB layout tool, with optional online manufacturing ordering (from USA). Cheap even though they come from the USA.
- PROTEUS Lite - A shareware PCB layout package. Better than ExpressPCB but no tied manufacturing service.
- An excellent description of how to make your own PCBs. I did this stuff for 4 years and came to exactly the same conclusions as Mike has here. Making PCBs really isn't very hard these days now that most people have a PC which can run free layout software, and have a good printer that can print dark black onto transparencies.
- Another guide to making PCBs
- A method of building prototype circuits without making PCBs (and not using the dreaded Veroboard!). I'm not totally convinced by this method, personally I think it is always worth making a PCB. Using the techniques described in the links above, making PCBs is really quite easy.
- An article describing the effects bad PCB layout can have, particularly on analogue circuits. Essential reading if you are building your own speed controller!
1.6. Kits
- Quasar Electronics http://www.quasarelectronics.com
- Radio Shack (aka Tandy) http://www.radioshack.com/
- This Greek company sell battery charger kits.
1.7. MOSFETs
http://www.infineon.com/products http://www.irf.com/technical-info/appnotes.htm
1.8. Optocouplers
- A few manufacturers of optocouplers. All have online datasheets:
http://www.semiconductor.agilent.com/isolator/
IDT:
http://www.idt.com/
Infineeon is the new name for Siemens Semiconductors.
http://www.infineon.com/cgi/ecrm.dll/ecrm/scripts/prod_cat.jsp?oid=-8198
Sharp are a big name in optoelectronics:
http://www.sharpsma.com/sma/Products/Opto/new_products/photocouplers.htm
Toshiba:
http://www.toshiba.com/taec/cgi-bin/display.cgi?table= ProductDetail&ProductID=2796
1.9. Electronic devices for robots
- Acroname make some pretty cool stuff including range finding and machine vision. Lots of technical article here too.
- An article describing range finding using the polaroid 6500 ranging module
- Using infra-red devices for range-finding.
- Robot vision - making your robot able to see!
1.10. Microcontrollers and development systems
- Quasar Electronics PIC programmer and Atmel ABR programmer
http://www.quasarelectronics.com/atmel_programmers.htm#3122
- The Atmel AVR series is popular amongst hobbyists.
- A couple of build-your-own PIC programmers:
- The Chip Directory section on microprocessors chronicles the development and describes a great many processors.
- ePanorama's microcontroller links section
- Rabbit Semiconductor make a clone Z80 microcontroller with a cheap development kit
1.11. Other useful electronics articles
- A beginners guide to what capacitors are
- All about capacitors. These devices are not as simple a you may think. An advanced guide.
2. Speed controllers
4QD. Manufacturer of speed controllers. Has a lot of good technical info on the site too. The Open Source Motor Controller project. A speed controller design & project.
http://www.inconnect.com/%7Edennis/osmc/
IFI Robotics. Manufacturer of speed controllers.
http://www.ifirobotics.com/victor_883.htm
A description of electronic speed controllers
http://www.omegaco.demon.co.uk/mechtml/fmectech.htm#anchor479856
3. Motors, Solenoids, and Actuators
Iskra. Manufacturer of electric motors. Includes sketchy performance characteristic graphs. http://www.avtoelektrika.com/Parvalux. Manufacturer of electric motors. No technical data that I can find.
http://www.parvalux.co.uk/products.asp
Litton. Manufacturer of electric motors and actuators. Includes comprehensive datasheets.
http://www.litton-ps.com/Motors/motors.html
Theory of starter motors. Quite a good page.
http://www.apra.org/publications/electrical/fordther.htm
Controlling voltage spikes (motor suppression). SGS Thomson Acrobat document.
http://us.st.com/stonline/books/pdf/docs/1703.pdf
Lynch. Manufacturer of electric motors. Characteristic graphs included.
http://www.lynchmotor.com/
Using car windscreen wiper motors
http://www.geocities.com/sprite-midget/wipers.htm
4. Batteries
http://www.battery-index.com/ http://www.mhpower.com.au/TecBroInx.html
http://www.4qd.co.uk/faq/bmnc2.html
http://www.oksolar.com/battery/deka.html
http://www.hepi.com/lit.htm
http://www.steatite.co.uk/batt/rg12v_24.htm
http://www.sonnenschein.org/
http://www.yuasa-exide.com/catalog.asp
A commercial battery charger manufacturer
http://www.statpower.com/prdlst3.htm
A commercial battery charger manufacturer. Not sure whether any of these are suitable for SLA batteries though, even though they say they are suitable for all lead acid batteries.
http://www.gunson.co.uk/acatalog/index.html
A commercial battery charger manufacturer. Ths company manufacture a device which they purport will bring dead SLA batteries back to life.
http://www.4unique.com/battery/pulsetech/pulsetech.htm
Ibex make battery chargers and gave lots of useful information on their site.
http://www.ibexmfg.com/index.htm
US supplier of many types of batteries. Limited technical information.
http://batterymart.com
5. Radio control
5.1. General interest sites
A comprehensive introduction to using radio control on fighting robots. http://www.narc.org.uk/bld_elect/rc_index.php
Loads of helpful articles, mainly about CB, which are still relevant to us.
http://www.firestik.com/Tech_Docs.htm
The Model Electronics Company site has some great stuff, presenting projects as well as commercial products.
http://www.omegaco.demon.co.uk/mechome.htm
This radio ham has loads of useful information on his site
http://www.geocities.com/SiliconValley/3569/
Everything You NEVER Wanted To Know About Radios! Some technical inaccuracies to do with AM & FM bandwidth, but a reasonable introduction.
http://www.torreypinesgulls.org/Radio%20Article.htm
The theory of superheterodyne (dual conversion) radio receivers
http://www.ezlink.com/~crash/parks/hetbasic.html
The Panorama Electronics Link Site - Radio section. Loads of links to technical sites to do with radio communications, antennas, etc.
http://www.epanorama.net/radio.html
The British Model Flying Association has some information on radio control.
http://www.bmfa.org/links_commercial.html
Low Power Radio Solutions sell telemetry modules. The CDP-02 from Circuit Design operates at 459MHz which is an allowable frequency for Robot Wars in teh UK.
http://www.lprs.co.uk/site01dec99/main.html
http:www.cdt21.com
Some links to hobby radio control sites.
http://www.welwyn.demon.co.uk/sites.htm
A good RC information site
http://rcvehicles.miningco.com/hobbies/rcvehicles/library/glossary/bldef_dualcon version.htm
The Radiocommunications Agency in the UK govern the frequency spectrum. This is the band of the spectrum that we are using.
http://www.radio.gov.uk/document/ra_info/ra365.htm
http://199.104.132.208/ProdCat/tax/0,1252,M942369080308,00.html
This document from the Model Electronics Company describes all the model frequency bands
http://www.omegaco.demon.co.uk/mechtml/fmectech.htm#anchor80638
If you are thinking about designing a 40MHz radio link yourself, like I was at one point, then Motorola produce this excellent IC (MC13310) which was designed for CT1 cordless phones that will operate at the 40MHz channel frequencies. Software for driving this chip is shown in the Embedded chapter in "Radio.c".
http://www.mot.com/SPS/WIRELESS/cordless/46_49mhz.html
Motorola ICs
Unfortunately Motorola no longer supply the above chip. However, a very similar IC, the UAA2062, is produced by Phillips
http://www.semiconductors.philips.com/pip/uaa2062ts/c1
A large site containing information on RC electronics
http://www.eagleairaust.com.au/
5.2. RC Receivers and Servos.
HVW Tech. Lots of technical information included. http://www.hvwtech.com/servos.htm
Information about the encoding of radio control radio sets
http://www.geocities.com/BourbonStreet/3220/servotx.html
Another page like that above
http://home.iprimus.com.au/nooyen/multi.htm
A basic introduction to radio control servos
http://www.seattlerobotics.org/guide/servos.html
Another Servo tutorial (in two parts)
http://www.uoguelph.ca/~antoon/hobby/servo1.htm
http://www.uoguelph.ca/~antoon/hobby/servo2.htm
More in-depth information on RC servos
http://www.geocities.com/BourbonStreet/3220/servobasics.html
Some circuits for generating and receiving PPM RC signals
http://www.geocities.com/SiliconValley/3569/use/rc-prop.htm
Servo pinouts and connectors
http://www.uoguelph.ca/~antoon/hobby/servopin.htm
http://www.uoguelph.ca/~antoon/hobby/leads.htm
A three part tutorial in PPM radio control
http://www.omegaco.demon.co.uk/mechtml/fmectech.htm#anchor160947
5.3. Radio control hobby stores.
Quick UK http://www.quickuk.co.uk/raccs.htm
Sussex Model Centre
http://www.sussex-model-centre.co.uk/
Tower Hobbies
http://www.towerhobbies.com/rcweb.html
5.4. Radio control equipment manufacturers
Links to many RC electronics manufacturers http://rcvehicles.miningco.com/cs/mfgselectronics/index.htm
Hitec. Manufacturer of RC sets.
http://rcvehicles.miningco.com/gi/dynamic/offsite.htm?site= http://www.hitecrcd.com
QuickUK supply 40MHz base loaded antennas:
http://www.quickuk.co.uk/raccs.htm
Novak. Manufacturer of ESCs and receivers
http://www.teamnovak.com
Airtronics. Manufacturer of RC sets.
=http://www.airtronics.net
Futaba. Manufacturer of RC sets.
http://www.futaba%2Drc.com
5.5. Radio interference.
Note that this section is specifically about interference problems in radio control modelling. All the comments in the EMC and radio sections also applies. An article about interference for RC plane flyers.
http://www.uoguelph.ca/~antoon/hobby/rip.htm
This model club has a page on radio interference and tips on how to reduce the problem.
http://tenthoffroad.co.uk/interference.html
Technobots supply products to robot builders, and have this excellent help page for EMC.
http://www.technobots.co.uk/technical/guidance/EMI%20and%20how%20to%20deal%20with%20it.pdf
5.6. Antenna.
Capacity hat antenna used by a competitorhttp://www.longrange.net/BattleBot/Antenna.html
Quick UK supply 40MHz antennas which are rather hard to get hold of. Part no H5330
http://www.quickuk.co.uk/raccs.htm
Flair products also sell 40MHz antennas. Part no MX75119.
http://www.flairproducts.co.uk
Radio tech manufacture antennas for the 459MHz band. Part nos Hel-458 and 1/4-458
http://www.radio-tech.co.uk/antenna.html
http://www.radio-tech.co.uk/antenna.html
Very soon i will post some of the books related to robotics
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